The strategy of planning (the unknown) should be replaced by the strategy of "learning to learn" (reinforcement learning) .

Ian McHarg would call this process "creative fitting". A dynamic equilibiruim. This "move from a greater to a lesser randomness, from simplicity to complexity" does not require planning but rather agency.

https://www.solvingforpattern.org/2014/04/23/ian-mcharg-on-creativity/

So, in line with your article, in some contexts (and precondition of true-cost pricing) a 5th scenario is realistic: intelligent (semi)ruralism. A thermo-dynamic optimum organised around bioregions/watersheds. (John Thackara) Ridding us of the urban-rural (social-natural and metabolic) rift.