Not quite correct. The EU already today has a very impressive list of critical materials. Add to that, that we will be moving on to 10bln people all wanting their piece of the pie, top that with climate change disruptions and any engineer ought to know that resilience is key to our collective survival.

Portugal is, as you probably already know, especially vulnerable. When her typical old industries like textile and car production come to an end, tourism reduces and agriculture faces more and more droughts and fires. Let us add the ageing population to that list because many talented young people have for decades already been leaving the country.